The Role of Garcinia Mangostana Pericarp Extract as Antioxidant to Inhibit Atherosclerosis Process in High-Risk Framingham Score Patient

Background: Atherosclerosis is the pivotal role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) involving oxidative stress dan inflammation. Garcia Mangostana has been proven to have an antioxidant property for years; however, the application of this compound in the case of atherosclerosis has not been performed. Objectives: This study was performed to explore the role of α-Mangostin of Garcia Mangostana Pericarp Extract as an antioxidant to inhibit atherosclerotic process in patients with high-risk Framingham score. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in patients with high-risk Framingham score. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group was administered 2520 mg/day of Garcinia mangostana Linn extracts (GMLE) in 3 divided doses for 90 days. The second group was administered a placebo. The outcome measures in our study were Nitric Oxide (NO), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Malondialdehyde (MDA). They were measured at baseline and 90 days after treatment. The independent T-test was performed to assess the homogeneity of data, and the multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association. Results: Among the 77 subjects, we found that the plasma MDA concentration was significantly decreased compared with placebo 0,29±0.5 vs-0.04±0.25, respectively p = 0.011). SOD level significantly decreased in GMLE patients compared with placebo (0,17±0.79 vs-0.27±0.67, respectively, p=0.010) and we found that there was slightly increased of nitric oxide (NO), but no significantly compared with placebo 4.34±10.01 and 2.35±7.39, respectively, p = 0.37). Conclusion: Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract has an antioxidant effect that significantly inhibits atherosclerosis process in high-risk Framingham score patients.