The Implementation of Water Discharge Monitoring and Leakage Detection in an Internet-of-Things-Based PDAM Water Pipe Network with MQTT

Water is one of the most vital resources for the lives of humans and is needed to fulfill their daily needs. The State-owned Water Utility Company (PDAM) is the company that distributes water to the local community through a network of pipes. In reality, problems with water distribution due to pipe leakage have persistently happened, costing both the government and the customers financial losses. The most cited reason for customer's dissatisfaction with the service of PDAM is that as leakage occurs, the flow of water decreases. PDAM does not have an automatic system to monitor the pipe network; thus, the customers who are affected by the leakage or witness water pool on the soil have to inform the company so that it can take action. To solve this inefficiency, this research proposes using the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor water discharge and detect any leakage point by implementing the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) as the communication medium. The system is implemented by putting the IoT devices into the pipe network to collect the data on water discharge and leakage coordinates and send them to a cloud server to be displayed on a web page accessible by the customers for real-time pipe leakage monitoring. This implementation confirms that the system can show the water discharge data and successfully indicate water leakage by switching the indicator icon color to red. The system sends the leakage coordinate to the leakage history list. The average value of delay at 806 ms and close to 0% for packet loss indicate the quality of the system performance.