The Impact of Climate Change on Air Temperature in the Rainy and Dry Seasons in East Java, Indonesia: A Case Study of Climate Change in the Wlingi Dam Area

Climate change’s impact can negatively influence human life, such as increasing temperatures and sea levels. This research aims to analyze the impact of climate change on air temperature during the rainy and dry seasons in East Java, specifically the Wlingi Reservoir area. Daily temperature observation data from 1990-2023 will be analyzed spatially using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation and statistically through analysis of long-term variability, rate of change in annual and seasonal scales and climate anomalies that occur. The results show a positive pattern of increase from 1990-2023, both on an annual and seasonal scale. The average temperature change rate at East Java climate stations increased to more than 1℃/34 years, with the most significant climate anomaly occurring in 2016. The humidity caused by the rain causes the temperature to be warmer than in the dry season. Thinner air pressure in mountainous areas causes cooler temperatures than coastal areas. During the 34 years of observation, the earth’s surface has warmed over the years and may continue to rise.