The effect of NaF 5% and NANONaF to the permanent tooth endurance toward dental caries

NaF 5% is a fluoride that commonly used as a dental topical application treatment. As the technology develops nowadays, nanoparticle is possibly used as dental material because it has greater penetration to enamel, dentin, and dentin-enamel junction. To compare the effect of NaF 5% and Nanofluid to the enamel endurance of permanent teeth toward dental caries. Twenty-seven teeth were divided into three groups; a control group, NaF 5% group, and NanoNaF group. NanoNaF was produced using HEM. NaF 5% and NanoNaF were application for 12 hours and then through demineralization and remineralization process for 14 days. Some test was used such as Microhardness Vickers, SEM, EDX and XRD tests. Miling process using HEM resulting NanoNaF particle size of 295 nm. SEM from NanoNaF group showed smoother enamel surface than from control and NaF 5% group. Microhardness Vickers test result showed 81.18 HV (control), 100.57 HV (NaF 5%), and 78.72 HV (NanoluorNaF) with p= 0.76 (p>0.05). Fluor content in control was 0.07%, NaF 5% was 0.26%, and in NanoNaF was 0.04% with p= 0.08 (p>0.05). XRD test showed that fluorapatite was detected in control (11.2%), NaF 5% (9.75%), and NanoNaF (30.11%). Kruskal Wallis test resulted p= 0.60 (p>0.05). NanoNaF penetration also maintained hydroxyapatite for 63.37%. NanoNaF application can increase the amount of fluoride, fluorapatite, and can maintain hydroxyapatite in enamel better than the NaF 5%. NanoNaF application did not affect the hardness of the enamel surface compare to NaF 5% application.