Study of holothuria scabra effect on the immune activity of pangasianodon hypophthalmus against aeromonas hydrophila

Holothuria scabra or holothurians are one of the Echinodermata group which is specific and easily known. They have been known to be used as a drug to treat some diseases in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of H. scabra on the immune activity of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus by immersion and their protection against Aeromonas hydrophila invasion. In brief, P. hypophthalmus was immersed with H. scabra extract at 0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm by twice booster. Leucocyte level, number of phagocytes, phagocytosis, survival rate, and clinical symptoms were assessed to determine P. hypophthalmus immunity. The results revealed that the concentration of H. scabra extract at 100 ppm enhanced significantly the leucocyte level of P. hypophthalmus compared with the control. Concerning survival rate it was showed that all treatments worked better than the control. The highest percentage of survival rates was also observed at 100 ppm of H. scabra extract after challenged with A. hydrophila. The present discoveries suggest that H. scabra extract at the concentration of 100 ppm may raise the immune responses in P. hypophthalmus using immersion.