RANKL and MMP8 levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) as oral biomarker for periodontal condition

Objective: We assessed the diagnostic potential of RANKL and MMP8 in gingivitis and periodontitis patients. Material and Methods: Sixty seven gingivitis and periodontitis patients were enrolled at Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya and Janti Health Service Malang. Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) was sampled modified gingival index including normal (n=26), mild inflammation (n=25), moderate (n=10), and severe inflammation (n=6). For periodontitis parameter, GCF was sampled pocket depth such as pocket depth 0-3.5 mm (n=49), pocket depth 3.6-5.5 mm (n=11), pocket depth >5.5 mm (n=7). RANKL and MMP8 were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Then, One-way ANOVA analysis was used. Results: RANKL showed a significant difference in gingivitis patients (p<0.05), but not in periodontitis patients (p>0.05). However, MMP8 did not show any significant difference (p>0.05) between gingivitis and periodontitis. RANKL showed a good discrimination performance. RANKL and MMP8 are present in the identification of periodontal disease. Conclusion: RANKL presented a more accurate diagnostic marker for periodontitis than gingivitis.