Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among internists in Indonesia

Sally Aman Nasution; Lugyanti Sukrisman; Eka Ginanjar; Evy Yunihastuti; Simon Salim; Rudy Hidayat; Muhadi Muhadi; Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho Bintoro; Asri Ludin Tambunan; Hery Djagat Purnomo; Andi Makbul Aman; Mohammad Robikhul Ikhsan; Ahmad Mekah; Angkasa R. Hamdan; Indra Wijaya; I. Made Siswadi Semadi; Wira Gotera; Putri Muthia; Zen Ahmad; Muhammad Diah; Nur Samsu; Santy A.P. Perdhana; Tatar Sumandjar; Johana Prihatini; Juwanto Wakimin; Linda Wilhelma Ancella Rotty; Harnavi Harun; Kuntjoro Yakti; Erwin Erwin; Lukman Pura; Abimanyu Abimanyu; Sutiadi Kusuma; Suharno Hakim; Riskadwi Septianti; Budiman Gunawan; Faradiesa Addiena; Kongko H. Nursetiyanto; Arif Koswandi; Andreas N.F. Lewai; Joko Anggoro; Maria Nainggolan; Arfan Sanusi; Petrus Irianto; Komariatun Komariatun; Annelin Kurniati; Haeril Aswar; Nelyan H. Mokoginta; Leily D. Pawa; Edwin Ambar; Feliks Duwit

doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1594678

Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among internists in Indonesia

Sally Aman Nasution^*
, Lugyanti Sukrisman
, Eka Ginanjar
, Evy Yunihastuti
, Simon Salim
, Rudy Hidayat
, Muhadi Muhadi
, Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho Bintoro
, Asri Ludin Tambunan
, Hery Djagat Purnomo
, Andi Makbul Aman
, Mohammad Robikhul Ikhsan
, Ahmad Mekah
, Angkasa R. Hamdan
, Indra Wijaya
, I. Made Siswadi Semadi
, Wira Gotera
, Putri Muthia
, Zen Ahmad
, Muhammad Diah

Nur Samsu, Santy A.P. Perdhana, Tatar Sumandjar, Johana Prihatini, Juwanto Wakimin, Linda Wilhelma Ancella Rotty, Harnavi Harun, Kuntjoro Yakti, Erwin Erwin, Lukman Pura, Abimanyu Abimanyu, Sutiadi Kusuma, Suharno Hakim, Riskadwi Septianti, Budiman Gunawan, Faradiesa Addiena, Kongko H. Nursetiyanto, Arif Koswandi, Andreas N.F. Lewai, Joko Anggoro, Maria Nainggolan, Arfan Sanusi, Petrus Irianto, Komariatun Komariatun, Annelin Kurniati, Haeril Aswar, Nelyan H. Mokoginta, Leily D. Pawa, Edwin Ambar, Feliks Duwit

^*Corresponding author for this work

Faculty of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Obesity constitutes a significant global health concern, including in Indonesia, through increased risk of non-communicable diseases. Physicians, as healthcare providers, are not exempt from the impact of obesity toward general health, quality of life, and work performance. Among physicians, internists are particularly significant, as they assume primary responsibility for the management of obesity, thus the primary focus in this study. Obesity in internists is related to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Therefore, identification of prevalence and risk factors of obesity in internists may aid in the improvement of their health through risk factor modification. Methods: A multicenter randomized cross-sectional study with a total sample of 1,064 internists across Indonesia is conducted to identify obesity profile and risk factors. Data were collected through questionnaire, physical examination, and biochemical testing and were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: The prevalence of obesity in Indonesian internists is 61.4%, higher than the general population. Risk factors associated with obesity in Indonesian internists after adjusting for confounding factors were male gender (aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08-1.90), hypertension (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.26-2.79), history of diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.93, 95% CI 1.53-5.60), newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.41, 95% CI 1.22-4.77), newly diagnosed prediabetes (aOR 1.70, 95% CI 1.26-2.30), and inadequate physical activity (aOR 1.85, 95% 1.15-2.98). Conclusion: Internists are a special population differing in prevalence of obesity and its related risk factors compared with the general population, due to high professional demand impacting healthy lifestyle and behavior.

Original language	English
Article number	1594678
Journal	Frontiers in Endocrinology
Volume	16
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1594678
Publication status	Published - 2025

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

cardiovascular risk factor
internist
obesity
occupational health
physicians

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10.3389/fendo.2025.1594678

Cite this

Nasution, S. A., Sukrisman, L., Ginanjar, E., Yunihastuti, E., Salim, S., Hidayat, R., Muhadi, M., Bintoro, S. U. Y., Tambunan, A. L., Purnomo, H. D., Aman, A. M., Ikhsan, M. R., Mekah, A., Hamdan, A. R., Wijaya, I., Semadi, I. M. S., Gotera, W., Muthia, P., Ahmad, Z., ... Duwit, F. (2025). Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among internists in Indonesia. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 16, Article 1594678. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1594678

@article{723412a328c64d21be9ff1279fddf235,

title = "Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among internists in Indonesia",

abstract = "Background: Obesity constitutes a significant global health concern, including in Indonesia, through increased risk of non-communicable diseases. Physicians, as healthcare providers, are not exempt from the impact of obesity toward general health, quality of life, and work performance. Among physicians, internists are particularly significant, as they assume primary responsibility for the management of obesity, thus the primary focus in this study. Obesity in internists is related to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Therefore, identification of prevalence and risk factors of obesity in internists may aid in the improvement of their health through risk factor modification. Methods: A multicenter randomized cross-sectional study with a total sample of 1,064 internists across Indonesia is conducted to identify obesity profile and risk factors. Data were collected through questionnaire, physical examination, and biochemical testing and were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: The prevalence of obesity in Indonesian internists is 61.4\%, higher than the general population. Risk factors associated with obesity in Indonesian internists after adjusting for confounding factors were male gender (aOR 1.43, 95\% CI 1.08-1.90), hypertension (aOR 1.88, 95\% CI 1.26-2.79), history of diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.93, 95\% CI 1.53-5.60), newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.41, 95\% CI 1.22-4.77), newly diagnosed prediabetes (aOR 1.70, 95\% CI 1.26-2.30), and inadequate physical activity (aOR 1.85, 95\% 1.15-2.98). Conclusion: Internists are a special population differing in prevalence of obesity and its related risk factors compared with the general population, due to high professional demand impacting healthy lifestyle and behavior.",

keywords = "cardiovascular risk factor, internist, obesity, occupational health, physicians",

author = "Nasution, \{Sally Aman\} and Lugyanti Sukrisman and Eka Ginanjar and Evy Yunihastuti and Simon Salim and Rudy Hidayat and Muhadi Muhadi and Bintoro, \{Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho\} and Tambunan, \{Asri Ludin\} and Purnomo, \{Hery Djagat\} and Aman, \{Andi Makbul\} and Ikhsan, \{Mohammad Robikhul\} and Ahmad Mekah and Hamdan, \{Angkasa R.\} and Indra Wijaya and Semadi, \{I. Made Siswadi\} and Wira Gotera and Putri Muthia and Zen Ahmad and Muhammad Diah and Nur Samsu and Perdhana, \{Santy A.P.\} and Tatar Sumandjar and Johana Prihatini and Juwanto Wakimin and Rotty, \{Linda Wilhelma Ancella\} and Harnavi Harun and Kuntjoro Yakti and Erwin Erwin and Lukman Pura and Abimanyu Abimanyu and Sutiadi Kusuma and Suharno Hakim and Riskadwi Septianti and Budiman Gunawan and Faradiesa Addiena and Nursetiyanto, \{Kongko H.\} and Arif Koswandi and Lewai, \{Andreas N.F.\} and Joko Anggoro and Maria Nainggolan and Arfan Sanusi and Petrus Irianto and Komariatun Komariatun and Annelin Kurniati and Haeril Aswar and Mokoginta, \{Nelyan H.\} and Pawa, \{Leily D.\} and Edwin Ambar and Feliks Duwit",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2025 Nasution, Sukrisman, Ginanjar, Yunihastuti, Salim, Hidayat, Muhadi, Bintoro, Tambunan, Purnomo, Aman, Ikhsan, Mekah, Hamdan, Wijaya, Semadi, Gotera, Muthia, Ahmad, Diah, Samsu, Perdhana, Sumandjar, Prihatini, Wakimin, Rotty, Harun, Yakti, Erwin, Pura, Abimanyu, Kusuma, Hakim, Septianti, Gunawan, Addiena, Nursetiyanto, Koswandi, Lewai, Anggoro, Nainggolan, Sanusi, Irianto, Komariatun, Kurniati, Aswar, Mokoginta, Pawa, Ambar and Duwit.",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.3389/fendo.2025.1594678",

language = "English",

volume = "16",

journal = "Frontiers in Endocrinology",

issn = "1664-2392",

publisher = "Frontiers Media SA",

}

Nasution, SA, Sukrisman, L, Ginanjar, E, Yunihastuti, E, Salim, S, Hidayat, R, Muhadi, M, Bintoro, SUY, Tambunan, AL, Purnomo, HD, Aman, AM, Ikhsan, MR, Mekah, A, Hamdan, AR, Wijaya, I, Semadi, IMS, Gotera, W, Muthia, P, Ahmad, Z, Diah, M, Samsu, N, Perdhana, SAP, Sumandjar, T, Prihatini, J, Wakimin, J, Rotty, LWA, Harun, H, Yakti, K, Erwin, E, Pura, L, Abimanyu, A, Kusuma, S, Hakim, S, Septianti, R, Gunawan, B, Addiena, F, Nursetiyanto, KH, Koswandi, A, Lewai, ANF, Anggoro, J, Nainggolan, M, Sanusi, A, Irianto, P, Komariatun, K, Kurniati, A, Aswar, H, Mokoginta, NH, Pawa, LD, Ambar, E & Duwit, F 2025, 'Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among internists in Indonesia', Frontiers in Endocrinology, vol. 16, 1594678. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1594678

TY - JOUR

T1 - Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among internists in Indonesia

AU - Nasution, Sally Aman

AU - Sukrisman, Lugyanti

AU - Ginanjar, Eka

AU - Yunihastuti, Evy

AU - Salim, Simon

AU - Hidayat, Rudy

AU - Muhadi, Muhadi

AU - Bintoro, Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho

AU - Tambunan, Asri Ludin

AU - Purnomo, Hery Djagat

AU - Aman, Andi Makbul

AU - Ikhsan, Mohammad Robikhul

AU - Mekah, Ahmad

AU - Hamdan, Angkasa R.

AU - Wijaya, Indra

AU - Semadi, I. Made Siswadi

AU - Gotera, Wira

AU - Muthia, Putri

AU - Ahmad, Zen

AU - Diah, Muhammad

AU - Samsu, Nur

AU - Perdhana, Santy A.P.

AU - Sumandjar, Tatar

AU - Prihatini, Johana

AU - Wakimin, Juwanto

AU - Rotty, Linda Wilhelma Ancella

AU - Harun, Harnavi

AU - Yakti, Kuntjoro

AU - Erwin, Erwin

AU - Pura, Lukman

AU - Abimanyu, Abimanyu

AU - Kusuma, Sutiadi

AU - Hakim, Suharno

AU - Septianti, Riskadwi

AU - Gunawan, Budiman

AU - Addiena, Faradiesa

AU - Nursetiyanto, Kongko H.

AU - Koswandi, Arif

AU - Lewai, Andreas N.F.

AU - Anggoro, Joko

AU - Nainggolan, Maria

AU - Sanusi, Arfan

AU - Irianto, Petrus

AU - Komariatun, Komariatun

AU - Kurniati, Annelin

AU - Aswar, Haeril

AU - Mokoginta, Nelyan H.

AU - Pawa, Leily D.

AU - Ambar, Edwin

AU - Duwit, Feliks

N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2025 Nasution, Sukrisman, Ginanjar, Yunihastuti, Salim, Hidayat, Muhadi, Bintoro, Tambunan, Purnomo, Aman, Ikhsan, Mekah, Hamdan, Wijaya, Semadi, Gotera, Muthia, Ahmad, Diah, Samsu, Perdhana, Sumandjar, Prihatini, Wakimin, Rotty, Harun, Yakti, Erwin, Pura, Abimanyu, Kusuma, Hakim, Septianti, Gunawan, Addiena, Nursetiyanto, Koswandi, Lewai, Anggoro, Nainggolan, Sanusi, Irianto, Komariatun, Kurniati, Aswar, Mokoginta, Pawa, Ambar and Duwit.

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Background: Obesity constitutes a significant global health concern, including in Indonesia, through increased risk of non-communicable diseases. Physicians, as healthcare providers, are not exempt from the impact of obesity toward general health, quality of life, and work performance. Among physicians, internists are particularly significant, as they assume primary responsibility for the management of obesity, thus the primary focus in this study. Obesity in internists is related to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Therefore, identification of prevalence and risk factors of obesity in internists may aid in the improvement of their health through risk factor modification. Methods: A multicenter randomized cross-sectional study with a total sample of 1,064 internists across Indonesia is conducted to identify obesity profile and risk factors. Data were collected through questionnaire, physical examination, and biochemical testing and were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: The prevalence of obesity in Indonesian internists is 61.4%, higher than the general population. Risk factors associated with obesity in Indonesian internists after adjusting for confounding factors were male gender (aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08-1.90), hypertension (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.26-2.79), history of diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.93, 95% CI 1.53-5.60), newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.41, 95% CI 1.22-4.77), newly diagnosed prediabetes (aOR 1.70, 95% CI 1.26-2.30), and inadequate physical activity (aOR 1.85, 95% 1.15-2.98). Conclusion: Internists are a special population differing in prevalence of obesity and its related risk factors compared with the general population, due to high professional demand impacting healthy lifestyle and behavior.

AB - Background: Obesity constitutes a significant global health concern, including in Indonesia, through increased risk of non-communicable diseases. Physicians, as healthcare providers, are not exempt from the impact of obesity toward general health, quality of life, and work performance. Among physicians, internists are particularly significant, as they assume primary responsibility for the management of obesity, thus the primary focus in this study. Obesity in internists is related to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Therefore, identification of prevalence and risk factors of obesity in internists may aid in the improvement of their health through risk factor modification. Methods: A multicenter randomized cross-sectional study with a total sample of 1,064 internists across Indonesia is conducted to identify obesity profile and risk factors. Data were collected through questionnaire, physical examination, and biochemical testing and were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: The prevalence of obesity in Indonesian internists is 61.4%, higher than the general population. Risk factors associated with obesity in Indonesian internists after adjusting for confounding factors were male gender (aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08-1.90), hypertension (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.26-2.79), history of diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.93, 95% CI 1.53-5.60), newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.41, 95% CI 1.22-4.77), newly diagnosed prediabetes (aOR 1.70, 95% CI 1.26-2.30), and inadequate physical activity (aOR 1.85, 95% 1.15-2.98). Conclusion: Internists are a special population differing in prevalence of obesity and its related risk factors compared with the general population, due to high professional demand impacting healthy lifestyle and behavior.

KW - cardiovascular risk factor

KW - internist

KW - obesity

KW - occupational health

KW - physicians

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019100177

U2 - 10.3389/fendo.2025.1594678

DO - 10.3389/fendo.2025.1594678

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105019100177

SN - 1664-2392

VL - 16

JO - Frontiers in Endocrinology

JF - Frontiers in Endocrinology

M1 - 1594678

ER -

Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among internists in Indonesia

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

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