Navigating food insecurity: risk management strategies for marginal farmers in Aceh Province, Indonesia

Food insecurity among marginal farmers in Aceh Province, Indonesia, illustrates the complex interplay of economic, environmental, and socio-cultural factors undermining resilience. This study, based on data from 378 farming households, applied the House of Risk (HOR) and Vulnerability as Expected Poverty (VEP) models to identify key risks and strategies. Internal factors, - land ownership, low yields, and limited capital- account for 60% of food insecurity risks, while external drivers, such as water scarcity (23%) and climate change (20%), amplify vulnerability. Regression analysis showed that education, diversified incomes, and land ownership enhance resilience, whereas shocks like COVID-19 and rising food prices worsen insecurity. Households commonly relied on social networks and community initiatives, though unsustainable coping strategies, like asset liquidation, persisted. The study recommends expanding financial services, promoting sustainable agriculture, and investing in climate-resilient infrastructure. Findings offer insights for tackling food insecurity in conflict-affected and climate-vulnerable regions, emphasizing the need for integrated, equity-driven interventions.