Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Review Article

The most common genetic cardiomyopathy, HCM, has a prevalence of about 0.2%. It is inheritance pattern with the autosomal dominant transmission. The natural history is benign but adverse outcomes can happen in some patients including sudden cardiac death, symptoms due to dynamic obstruction of the outflow tract of the left ventricular (LVOT), abnormal diastolic filling, atrial fibrillation, and dysfunction of systolic LV. Imaging modalities can be used to evaluate the structure and function of the heart, the dynamic obstruction and its severity, mitral valve abnormalities, regurgitation of the mitral valve, and also myocardial ischemia and fibrosis. Echocardiography is the first imaging modality for cardiac structure evaluation. CMR is recommended when echocardiographic images are not adequate in patients with high suspicion for HCM. In the case of contraindication to CMR, patients with ICDs or pacemakers, Cardiac CT is recommended. Imaging can be used to screening, preclinical diagnosis and treatment guidance in a patient with HCM.