Immunosuppressive and Ameliorative Effects of Dietary Combined Herbs Extract of Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe and Phyllanthus niruri L. in DMBA-induced Breast Cancer Mouse Model

Cancer continues to be the most prevalent health issue on a worldwide basis. Each year, there is an increased number of new incidence and mortality. Numerous approaches, such as medicinal plant-based treatments, have been put out as therapies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the immunomodulation effect of dietary combined herbs extract of Curcuma zedoaria and Phyllanthus niruri (cheral) in 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer mouse model. The experimental mice were divided into roughly six treatment groups, including administering cheral extract with a series of doses including 1.233 mg/kg BW, 2.466 mg/kg BW, and 4.932 mg/kg BW. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to evaluate immune parameters including NK cells, TNF-α and IFNγ-expressing NK cells, CD4⁺TNF-α⁺IFN-γ⁺ type 1 helper T cells, and CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells population. In this present study, we demonstrated that cheral extract exerts immunosuppressive activity by attenuating the properties of the immune system, such as NK cells, Th1 cells, and regulatory T cells in DMBA-inducing mice to the normal levels. Thus, we suggested that cheral extract has ameliorative potency as alternative or complementary therapy against cancer incidence.