GREEN EXTRACTION OF Avicennia marina LEAVES BY NATURAL DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS: PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, MOLECULAR DOCKING AND ADMET ANALYSIS

The leaves of Avicennia marina can provide various health benefits to society. These benefits are obtained due to the presence of phytochemical compounds. This study aims to analyze the phytochemical profile, active compounds, and antioxidant activity of old and young extract leaves. The natural deep eutectic solvents consisted of a combination of citric acid and glucose in different molar ratios (A 1:1 B 2:1 C 3:1 D 4:1). The results showed that the total phenol, flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid from old leaves can be extracted in high yield by solvent D with 4.18±0.68, 11.16±0.01, 0.65±0.00, and 0.81±0.09, and from young leaves in high yield by solvent D with 5.72±0.12, 29.70±0.00, 1.68±0.15, 1.54±0.01, and 1.68±0.15, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity from old leaves was observed by solvent D with IC₅₀ of 133.85±20.01 ppm. For the extracts from young leaves, the highest antioxidant activity was by solvent D with IC₅₀ of 107.41±22.80 ppm. Active compound analysis of old and young leaves were phenol, flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid. The results of FTIR analysis of the old and young leaves showed phenolic, aliphatic, carbonyl, alkene, alkane, amine, ester, and aromatic compounds. Diosmetin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide has the best binding affinity through hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction.