Genetic Polymorphism of Local Goat Gorontalo Indonesian Based on Microsatellite Markers

This research aims to analyze polymorphism and genetic distance of three local goat breeds in Gorontalo, Indonesia. The analysis was carried out using 128 blood samples collected for DNA sampling, consisting of Etawah Crossbreed (n=19), local Gorontalo (n=87), Kacang (n=22) breeds. The Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) was extracted using the Wizard Genomic DNA Purification Kit protocols for analyzing fragments in the microsatellite DNA region with specific primers recommended by the ISAG/FAO. The statistical software program PopGene 3.2 was used to determine the polymorphism and genetic distance. The results obtained average observed allele (Na) of Etawah Crossbreed, local Gorontalo, Kacang goats being 6.00±2.65, 7.67±3.06, 4.33±2.31, and ratio of observed Heterozygosity (Ho) to expected Heterozygosity (He) was 0.40:0.71, 0.48:0.63, 0.42:0.43, respectively.The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) for MCM527, ILSTS011, OarFCB20 loci was 0.73, 0.57, 0.45, while the average values of Fis, Fit, and Fst were 0.291, 0.360, 0.102, respectively. The genetic distance between local Gorontalo and Kacang goats was 0.078, local Gorontalo and Etawah Crossbreed goats were 0.164, while Etawah Crossbreed and Kacang goats were 0.452. These results showed the three local breeds in Gorontalo are polymorphic, and the local Gorontalo goat are genetically closer to Kacang compared to Etawah Crossbreed.