Gapura, Wiwara, and Garbhagriha as a Door Concept in Sukuh Temple, Central Java – Indonesia

Sukuh Temple is a temple that was built during the end of the Majapahit Kingdom in the 15th century. At the end of the Majapahit Kingdom, it shows different building characteristics. This difference is shown in the physical form which is marked by the use of material and form of terraced terraces. In the temple complex, there is an architectural element in the form of a "door". The concept of the door is contained in the iconography in the form of Memet fragments (year numbers) and the building arrangement based on Tantrayana’s beliefs. The door concept is named Gapura, Wiwara, and Garbhagriha. The terminology of the door concept is not certain how it was used, but also its shape, location, and function. The purpose of this study is to determine the shape, location, and function of the terminology of the door concept in the Sukuh Temple complex, namely Gapura, Wiwara, and Garbhagriha. The method used is descriptive qualitative to determine the shape, location, and function. In the function aspect, an iconographic approach is added to identify, classify, and interpret door names (Gapura, Wiwara, and Garbhagriha) and to find out the function of each door. The results showed that the gate is a door concept terminology that refers to the "physical form" of door 1 which is located on the first terrace and Wiwara is a door concept that refers to the "function" of door 1 as a suwuk or medicine. The concept of the door in the form of Garbhagriha is door 2 which is located on the third terrace which is a manifestation of the "womb of a woman".