FOXO3a rs4946936 polymorphism and its clinical implications in chronic myeloid leukemia therapy

OBJECTIVE Τo analyze the association between FOXO3a rs4946936 polymorphism and treatment response in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. METHOD This was an analytical study with a retrospective cohort design conducted at Dr Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, Indonesia, during 2024. Data were retrospectively collected from medical records of CML patients meeting inclusion criteria, including clinical data, BCR-ABL test results, and FOXO3a rs4946936 genotype. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square, t-test, and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS A total of 50 CML patients were included, consisting of 25 patients who achieved treatment response and 25 who did not. Significant differences were found in disease phase, EUTOS risk, hemoglobin levels, basophil counts, FOXO3a levels, and BCR-ABL levels between the two groups. Allele and genotype frequency analysis showed that patients with the T allele had a higher risk of treatment failure compared to the C allele. We also found that patients with the TT genotype had a higher risk of treatment failure compared to those with CC and CT genotypes. CONCLUSIONS FOXO3a rs4946936 polymorphism is significantly associated with treatment response in CML patients, thus potentially serving as a predictive biomarker in CML management and personalized therapy.