Ethnobotanical Values in Ecosystem Conservation of Coffee-Based Agroforestry System on the Slope of Mt. Semeru, East Java

Planting coffee farms using agroforestry practices is one strategy to create an important ecosystem to assist numerous rural development programs and supported biodiversity conservation in Mt. Semeru National Park, Poncokusumo, East Java. The aim of this research is to describe the plant species diversity in a local preserved coffee-based agroforestry system on the slope of Mt. Semeru. A field survey was conducted at four preserved coffee-based agroforestry orchards in Poncokusumo. Data were taken qualitative by interview to find out the ethnobotanical function of plants, and quantitative data were collected using plotting at each location (individual number, frequency, and dominance relatives) to be analyzed to find out the important value index and diversity index. There are 61 plant tree species found in coffee-based agroforestry orchards, which have numerous benefits in supporting the basic needs of the local community. The dominant species differed each plot, with the highest IVI in Hibiscus macrophyllus (151.52), Erythrina subumbrans (148.48), and Paraserianthes falcataria (110.38). The H' values ranged from 0.69 to 2.63, indicating that high dominance of one species tends to reduce vegetation diversity. These findings confirm that coffee agroforestry in Poncokusumo is a multifunctional system that integrates ecological and economic functions, and has the potential as a nature-based solution for food security and sustainable landscape management in the buffer zone of the national park.