Abstract
Palm pressed fibre (PPF) is a by-product of crude palm oil (CPO) extraction and has great potential as a source of phospholipids (PL). PPF was extracted from chloroform:methanol to extract total lipid, and polar lipid was separated using methanol. PL from PPF was fractionated by ethanol, and subsequently, the ethanol-soluble fraction was fractionated by acetone. Four fractions were obtained: ethanol-soluble, ethanol-insoluble, ethanol-acetone soluble, ethanol soluble-acetone insoluble. All fractions had different PL molecular species compositions. Different compositions of PL in the fractions resulted in different hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values, emulsifying properties, and antioxidant activity. HLB value of crude PL from PPF was 6.07 that was suitable for water in oil (w/o) emulsion indicated by low emulsifying activity index (EAI) and emulsion stability index (ESI) in oil-water (o/w) emulsion systems. Ethanol-soluble and ethanol-acetone soluble fractions exhibited better emulsifying properties and higher HLB values of around 10. Crude PL and its fractions showed a potential antioxidant activity to prevent bulk soybean oil in a single antioxidant system. Synergism with α-tocopherol appeared in a binary antioxidant system indicated by low peroxide value compared to the single one. PL composition affected the ability of PL fractions as antioxidants.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 686-698 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | Journal of Oil Palm Research |
| Volume | 34 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Dec 2022 |
Keywords
- binary antioxidant system
- emulsifying properties
- fractionation
- HLB value
- palm pressed fibre
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