Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Supplementation and Exposure of Cigarette Smoke on Bcl-2, P53 Protein, and TNF-α Expression in the Epitels of Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Bladder

Objective: To determine the effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) supplementation on Bcl-2, P53 protein and TNF- α expression in the bladder of rats which is exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods: The study is a true experimental in Wistar rats. Sample was divided into 4 groups: group A had a 0.5% CLA supplementation (125 mg) diet, group B had a 1% of CLA diet (250mg). 2 other was control groups group without CLA supplementation (group C) as positive control and without cigarette smoke exposure and group D as negative control. The study takes 60 days of exposure and then Bcl-2, P53 protein and TNF- α expression on bladder epithelial was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining. Data analysis was then performed using the One-way ANOVA test. Result: It showed that rats in group C has an average Bcl-2 expression of 25.8±7.33%, while Group B obtained an average Bcl-2 expression was 14.2±9.6% and had a significant difference when compared to group C (p=0.032). TNF-α expression in the four groups showed that TNF- α expression in group C was the highest with an average of 87.80±8.20. For TNF- α group B of 28.80±13.88 expression has a significant difference when compared to group C (p=0.000). Increase expression of wild-type p53 in group B compared to group A and decrease expression of wild type p53 in groups C and D compared to group B. Meanwhile, mutant type p53 expression showed no expression in all study groups. Conclusion: Exposure of cigarette smoke can increase the expression of Bcl-2, P53 protein and TNF- α in the bladder mucosa and CLA supplementation can reduce Bcl-2, wild-type P53 protein and TNF- α expression.