Effects of Coal Freight Road Policy Reforms on Transportation and Environmental Economics

Since 2017, the application of the Provincial Government of South Borneo No.3 of 2012 regarding the use of public and particular roads for transportation of mining products and plantation companies has a positive impact on changes in transportation and environmental economics with the principle of benefit, justice, and interests of the nation. This study analyzes the effects of policy changes on coal transportation routes on transportation (traffic congestion) and environmental economics (air pollution, noise, loss value). The research method involved literature reviews and field surveys. The results indicated that after the 2017 policy, there was a decrease in the volume of coal transportation passing public roads by 92.4%, a decrease in speed and traffic congestion of 13% and 0.2 points. The noise level decreased to 4.87 dB (A). CO2 emissions reduced by 44.30%, CO by 48.82%, HC by 46.22%, Nox by 22.03%, SOx by 22.01% and PM10 by 25.66%., the value of losses due to the burden of vehicle emissions decreased by 24.3%. Visually, pedestrians and road users become more comfortable and safe in traffic. The government is expected to support and supervise particular roads for coal transportation to avoid the unexpected effect on roads.