Effect of Aloe vera gel on the expression of FGF-2, TGF-β, and Smad3 in the root surface of rat teeth after traumatic avulsion

Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. gel or gel products have been used to improve various stages in wound-healing processes. This study aims to determine the effect of gel from A. vera on the FGF-2, TGF-β, and Smad-3 expression in the of rat teeth cementum (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout) after traumatic avulsion. The research design used was a post-test randomized controlled group design. The incisors in the upper jaw of rats were extracted. There were two groups, a control, and an A. vera administration group. After post-extraction, each group was divided into three treatment groups based on time of exposure; at days 3, 7, and 14. After the rats were sacrificed, cementum was preserved and the expression of FGF-2, TGF-β, and Smad-3 were assessed via immunohistochemistry. Group and time mean differences in expression were analyzed using statistical approach one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, Pearson Correlation and Regression Testing. The result of this study shows the expression of FGF-2, TGF-β, and Smad-3 were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the Aloe vera group than the controls. The conclusion of this study is A. vera gel can be used as guided tissue regeneration, which is a membrane surface modification mainly by combining adhesion molecules capable of physiologically stimulating cells and tissues.