Detection of Selected Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated From Dogs at Juanda Quarantine Station, Surabaya, Indonesia

Currently, global health is threatened by the issue of antibiotic resistance, with companion animals potentially serving as reservoirs of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes. This study aimed to detect selected ESBL genes in Escherichia coli isolated from dogs undergoing interregional transport procedures at Juanda Quarantine Station, Surabaya, Indonesia. This study was conducted from March to May 2025 at Juanda Quarantine Station, Surabaya, Indonesia. Rectal swab samples collected from 113 dogs were preenriched in Buffered Peptone Water (BPW), followed by isolation and identification of Escherichia coli. Selected ESBL genes (blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The identification results showed that 75.22% (85/113) were positive for Escherichia coli. Among these isolates, 3 (3.53%) carried ESBL genes, with 2/3 (66.67%) harboring a combination of blaCTX-M and blaTEM and 1/3 (33.33%) carrying blaCTX-M alone. No blaSHV gene was detected. Although the prevalence was relatively low, these findings indicate that dogs may serve as carriers of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and may contribute to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. These results underscore the importance of prudent antibiotic use, strengthened antimicrobial stewardship, and a One Health approach to mitigate the spread of antimicrobial resistance among humans, animals, and the environment.