Controlling factor of carbon dioxide flux from tropical peat soil in palm oil at central Kalimantan, Indonesia

This study aims to measure the rate of CO2 emissions and the effect of several types of vegetation on environmental parameters at the location of oil palm plantation companies on tropical peat lands, in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The measurement of Carbon dioxide emission rate uses the open and closed Chamber method. The parameters measured include water table, soil temperature, soil moisture, and pH of groundwater. The experimental design used was a randomized block design, with 3 replications. The treatment was 6 treatments. The findings in this study obtained the average CO2 emissions rate varies depending on changes in vegetation types, the highest on the conservation forest vegetation equal to 358.46 mg C m ² Hr ¹ . The findings based on the influence of several types of vegetation in the oil palm plantation area towards the Water Table parameters obtained the conservation forest vegetation type with the highest water table average of 35.21 cm, 4 cm temperature parameters obtained grass land vegetation types (28.01 ⁰ C), 10 cm temperature parameters obtained vegetation types of palm oil plants aged 5 Years (27.13 ⁰ C), pH parameters of groundwater obtained vegetation type of Palm oil plants aged 6 Years (4.669). The relationship of the rate of CO2 emissions with several environmental factors in the vegetation type, shows that the higher the rate of CO2 emissions, the deeper the water table, lowering the temperature 4 cm, temperature 10 cm and soil moisture with the magnitude of the diversity coefficient equal to 33.74%, 27.50%, 26.33%, and 23.92% respectively. Meanwhile, the higher the CO2 emissions, then pH of groundwater increases.