Cobalt (Ii) chloride in enhancing hypoxia inducible factor-1α expression of gingival derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

Despite gingival derived mesenchymal stem cells (GDMSCs) are unique and have numerous advantages for regenerative dentistry, the hypoxia preconditioning of GDMSCs may be essential prior to the transplantation. The aim of this study is to examine whether CoCl₂ can enhance HIF-1α in GDMSCs in vitro. GDMSCs of Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were obtained from laboratory stock. The sample for this study was randomly selected and divided into 4 groups; GDMSC normoxia (24 hours and 48 hours) groups and GDMSC hypoxia (24 hours and 48 hours) groups respectively (N=20/n=5). To stimulate the hypoxia condition, the final concentration of 100μM Cobalt (II) Chloride (CoCl₂) was used in this study. The examination of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) stimulated with CoCl₂ in the GDMSCs utilized immunocytochemistry methods with Fluorescein isothiocyanate antibody labelling. The Tukey Honest Significant Different (HSD) test was conducted to compare the significant difference in HIF-1α expression between groups (p<0.01). The greatest expression of HIF-1α is found in GDMSCs treated with CoCl₂ for 24 hours. There was significant difference in HIF-1α expression between GMSCs normoxia (24 hours and 48 hours) and GMSCs hypoxia of 24 hours groups but not 48 hours group (p<0.01). CoCl₂ can enhance significantly HIF-1α expression of GDMSCs for 24 hours in vitro.