Characterization of essential oil from baby java orange (Citrus sinensis) solid waste

Baby Java orange (Citrus sinensis) is a varietal orange juice developed in Malang Regency East Java Province. The area of baby Java cultivation in Malang Regency reaches 1000 hectare with the production rate about 24,500 annually. The orange solid waste which were thrown away were distilled to get valuable volatile oil.The research method used was randomized block design with distillation time-delay process factor for 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. Determination of the best treatment is done by performing calculations with multiple comparisons method based on refractive index response. The best treatment result was characterised using GC-MS and then compared to control volatile agent. Specific gravity was also measured for all treatments. The results of ANOVA refractive index showed that all treatments had significant difference to time-delay process. Tukey test obtained showed that the best treatment was distillation time-delay for 6 and 8 days. The highest response of refractive index was 72.60% brix, and the specific gravity for the best treatment was 0.84 g/cm³. Limonene produced from the best treatment received 100% value while from the control treatment was 96.42%.The value of limonene produced from the best treatment was 100%, while from the control treatment was 96.42%.