Bird diversity in the Gumuk ecosystem in Jember

Gumuk is one of the important ecosystems in bird conservation in Jember Regency. Currently, many gumuk ecosystems are being degraded, and very rapid land-use change that threatens the preservation and conservation of birds. This study aims to determine the diversity of birds around the gumuk as an effort to explain the important role of the gumuk as a bird habitat. The research was conducted in January-February 2021 in Ledokombo District, Jember Regency. Bird observation method using Point Count method, observation time is in the morning (06.00-08.00 WIB) and afternoon (15.00-17.00 WIB). The results showed that there were 33 species of birds from 20 families. The families of Campephagidae and Estrildidae show the families with the most species found. The level of diversity shows the moderate category (H'=2.253). Species with the highest abundance were Collocalia linchi (31.264%), and the lowest were Amandava amandava, Dicaeum concolor, Geopelia striata, Passer montanus, and Ardeola speciosa (0.044%). Evenness index (E) shows the condition of stable species distribution with a value of 0.644.