An Examination of Hybrid PV-Biogas Power Plants for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Development in Indonesia

Renewable energy is being created to replace traditional energy sources due to the depletion of fossil fuel reserves. Constructing appropriate infrastructure, such as charging stations, is essential to enable the expansion of electric vehicles. Renewable energy sources power the EV charging station. This study assesses the feasibility of constructing PV-biogas hybrid power plants to power EV charging stations in the Indonesian cities of Denpasar, Surakarta, Bekasi, and Semarang. The HOMER program was utilized for simulating and optimizing the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables. The research design incorporated an anticipated daily power consumption of 232 kWh and a project lifespan of 25 years. The optimal city is found by considering various factors, including total power output, total power consumption, breakeven point (BEP), net present cost (NPC), and cost of energy (COE) figures. Semarang City has demonstrated the highest potential for building a hybrid production system among all cities, mostly due to its better economic advantages. Semarang has the lowest NPC, COE, and slowest return on investment. The initial investment cost for establishing a hybrid generating system is IDR 2,454,489,904.74. In Semarang City, the system design generates 625.88 kWh/year of electricity and consumes 551.03 kWh/year. It has an NPC value of IDR 20,964,400,000.00, a COE value of IDR 1,673.18, and a BEP in year 7.05.